Exploring the Disorder, Tourette Syndrome Essay - 674 Words

Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder first described by a French physician named Georges Gilles de la Tourette, in 1885. Tourette syndrome (TS) consists of varies abrupt, rapid, involuntary, and repeated movements or vocal sounds, known as tics. â€Å"Until 1970, TS was frequently misdiagnosed as schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, epilepsy, or nervous habits,† concluding that this mental disorder is extremely rare and has similar characteristics as other mental disorders (Kahn and Fawcett 375). Since there is no specific test that can diagnose TS, doctors have to rely on a person’s behaviors and personal history to identify the disorder. About one person in two thousand people is likely to have TS; additionally males are four†¦show more content†¦Many people often misunderstand TS as rudeness, offensive behavior, and even craziness. Thus, children with TS are often ridiculed or teased by their fellow peers. Due to this, many children avoid so cial gathering and suffer from depression or substance abuse. This is one of the many reasons why children with tics should be informed of their disorder and should receive tremendous amounts of support and love from their friends and families. People with TS are also likely to have other mental problems like depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, and self-injurious behaviors. As mentioned above, TS can occur in anyone, even famous people. Some of the famous people that had TS were Jim Eisenreich, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Marc Summers. TS does not disable a person from working efficiently or living a perfectly normal life. People with TS can attend and succeed school just as a normal person can. The disorder does not affect their intelligence or their ability to learn, thus enabling them to live a perfectly normal life. They have the same earning potential, intelligence, and working ability similar to any other person. One of the best ways to cope with TS is to remember that the tic s usually lessen in severity as an individual gets older. Tics usually reach its highest potential during early teens to the middle years of adolescence. If a person with TSShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children1400 Words   |  6 PagesAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Stephanie Santiago Lehigh Carbon Community College â€Æ' Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Pathophysiology Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refers to developmentally inappropriate degrees of inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity (Hockenberry, Wilson, Rodgers, 2017). ADHD is commonly found in school-aged children. While some children have a problem within one of the three areas, there are others who haveRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Front Of The Class Essay2130 Words   |  9 Pagesmovie; Front of The Class using two of the theories were taught in class. The movie, Front of The Class, is about the journey of a boy named Brad who for many years was living with un-diagnosed Tourette Syndrome, which Brad referred to as his â€Å"constant companion†. Tourette Syndrome is a nervous system disorder which causes the person to suffer from â€Å"tics† which can be described as sudden movements, sounds or twitches that are involuntary and repetitive (CDC, 2015). The movie exhibits the ways in whichRead MoreChildren With Attention Deficits Hyperactivity D isorder ( Adhd ) And Tourette Syndrome1118 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The short video presented by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) features two families living with children with Attention Deficits Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Tourette syndrome. For the purpose of this paper, Josh and his family’s struggle with ADHD will be reviewed and analyzed using the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) and Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM). CFAM/CFIM enables the health care professionals to focus on psychosocial effects and the linksRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1787 Words   |  8 PagesATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Also known as: ADHD WHAT IS ADHD? ADHD is a behavioral disorder that affects about 10% of school-aged children. Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with it. Children with ADHD act without thinking, are hyperactive, and have trouble focusing. They may understand what is anticipated of them but have trouble following through because they can’t sit still, pay attention or focus on details. All children, act this way at times, particularly when theyRead MoreDescription Of An Example Of A Presentation8050 Words   |  33 Pagesof an assistive technology device. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) – a severe difficulty in focusing and maintaining attention; often leads to learning and behavior problems at home, school, and work; also called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Autism (Autism Society of America Home Page) Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life. The result of neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism andRead MoreAttention Hyperactive Impulsive Defecit Disorder2314 Words   |  10 PagesHYPERACTIVE- IMPULSIVE DEFICIT DISORDER INTRODUCTION Attention Hyperactive- impulsive Deficit Disorder, or also known as ADHD, is under the category of IDEA, which is the Other Health Impairments. It is considered as one of the most common childhood mental disorder, affecting more than one in every twenty children (Shaw, 2008). Moreover, this condition can continue through adolescence and adulthood. IDEA defines it as a neurobiological-based developmental disorder in children and adults with a persistentRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesA. Clark. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-10: 1-57230-963-6 ISBN-13: 978-1-57230-963-0 (hardcover: alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59385-375-0 ISBN-13: 978-1-59385-375-4 (paperback) 1. Cognitive therapy. 2. Obsessive–compulsive disorder. I. Title. RC489.C63C57 2004 616.85†²2270651—dc22 2003020283 To my parents, Albert and Ardith, for their support and encouragement About the Author About the Author David A. Clark, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Psychology

Theories Of Development Of Self And Personality Processes

6. Labouvie-Vief (2005) elaborates upon Piaget’s concepts of assimilation and accommodation by explaining how affect develops. In your own words, explain how Labouvie-Vief (2005) describes the process of affect development. Provide YOUR OWN real-world example. Theories of development of self and personality processes have centered on structural or dynamic processes. Labouvie-Vief (2005) outlines a theory, called Dynamic Integration Theory, which suggests that these two aspects can be joined by expanding on Piaget’s concept of representation as a relationship between self and object to one between a self and an other. However, since the capacity for integration depends on a context of well-regulated emotional activation, Dynamic†¦show more content†¦Hence as in development, representations increase in cognitive complexity. The affective dynamics of self in relation to the social world are dynamically restructured as new cognitive and affective systems, which separately and eventually evolve higher-order assimilations. Reality has an inherently subjective dimension because the self assimilates it. This means that it processes it according to its own capabilities. Assimilation suggests past accommodations to the object world in which the self adapts to properties of objects and preserves them as knowledge. As a result, the individual creates internal models, or schemas that preserve this relational history and which determine the information that was extracts. This state of affairs is typically characterized as a reciprocal relation between self and object. This self-object interaction characterizes a relational totality that temporarily organizes cognition, perception, and action into schemas. The whole process of development is explained as a series of levels of such corresponding dialogues between assimilation and accommodation processes from which schemas of higher and higher levels of complexity are constructed. Piaget presumed that each level of structural complexity marked a period of relative stability and equilibrium. Stages of transition are marked by periods of relative disequilibrium. In other words, Piaget suggests a direct communication between structural and dynamic aspects ofShow MoreRel atedWhat Drives Adult Personality Development?1542 Words   |  7 PagesReitz and Zimmerman’s article (2014) What Drives Adult Personality Development? A Comparison of Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence In terms of adult personality development, the most prominent perspectives utilize genetic and environmental factors into their models. Some examples of these theories consist of the five factor theory of personality and neo-social analytic theory (Specht et al., 2014). McCray and Costa’s five factor theory focuses on biological maturation and not life experiencesRead MoreExpectancy Theory And Social Cognitive Theory Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesExpectancy Theory in Practice and Social Cognitive Theory Expectancy theory in practice Expectancy theory is about the mental processes regarding choice, or choosing. It explains the processes that an individual undergoes to make choices. In the study of organizational behavior, expectancy theory is a motivation theory first proposed by Victor Vroom of the Yale School of Management. Expectancy theory tells us that people who are confident in their ability to perform a particular task are motivatedRead MoreThe Movie Rain Man By Raymond Babbit1429 Words   |  6 PagesWalbrook Institute where he was placed at a young age. Raymond is diagnosed with Savants Syndrome. In Raymond’s case, he functions at an impressively high level (Inc., 2004). Savant syndrome is diagnosed when an individual performs basic cognitive processes below what is deemed as normal. However these individuals exhibit exceptional abilities in certain areas. In the case of Raymond Babbit, his memory was exemplary. The character Raymond Babbit, was based on a man named Laurence Kim Peek. AlthoughRead MoreTheories Of Personality : Psychodynamic, Trait Or Five Factor Model, Humanistic, And Social Cognitive974 Words   |  4 Pagesfour major theories of personality: psychodynamic, trait or five-factor model, humanistic, and social-cognitive. The psychodynamic theory primarily focuses on the role of the unconscious mind. The social cognitive theory focuses on the effect of the environment on behavior and is based on theories of learning. Whereas, the humanistic theory emphasizes conscious life experiences and choices. The trait or five-factor model focuses on characteristics themselves and not the roots of personality. To beginRead MorePsychological Disorders And The Movie A Beautiful Mind Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesable to acquire and comprehend various forms of knowledge through their thoughts, experiences and use of their sensory systems. This process of cognition is in itself takes various processes. It must be said as early as now that the ultimate result of cognition processes is to result in one learning. The cognitive processes are started by one having to pay attention. This means that one has to develop interest in what is happening in the immediate environment. The information acquired in the processRead MoreExpectancy Theory And Social Cognitive Theory Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation Theories: Expectancy Theory in Practice and Social Cognitive Theory Expectancy theory in practice In Expectancy theory we focus on the mental processes when considering choice, or choosing. It clarifies what an individual feel while making choices. In the study of organizational behavior, we can see that expectancy theory is a motivation theory, it tells us that employees who are sure in their ability to perform a particular task are motivated by their expectations of the consequencesRead MoreClassical Vs. Constitutional Typology1223 Words   |  5 PagesThe first of the theories is physiological is the physiological characteristics of people. Simple descriptions of behavior through to suggestions that characteristics are the result of different kinds of physiology. Now, there are two subcategories are classical and constitutional typology. Classical typology comes from our old friends, the Greeks, who theorized about types and ‘humorous.’ The physician Hippocrates made what is probably the first attempt at a formal theory to account for differencesRead MoreTrait Th eory And Social Cognitive Theories1190 Words   |  5 Pages Both Trait theory and Social Cognitive Theories are currently and have been very influential in describing personalities in people over the years. They have both similar and opposite qualities as well and seem to work off of each other at times in my opinion. Although many theories are still helpful in some ways, I feel like these two are more beneficial due to them bringing a more positive approach to describing personalities and giving the person more control over their own behavioral change ratherRead More The Formation of Personality through Socialization Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesThe Formation of Personality through Socialization The process by which personality is formed as the result of social influences is called socialization. Early research methods employed case studies of individuals and of individual societies (e.g., primitive tribes). Later research has made statistical comparisons of numbers of persons or of different societies; differences in child-rearing methods from one society to another, for example, have been shown to be related to the subsequentRead MoreSocial Psychology1232 Words   |  5 PagesTuesday, Mar. 28, 2000 social psychology Socialization The process by which personality is formed as the result of social influences is called socialization. Early research methods employed case studies of individuals and of individual societies (e.g., primitive tribes). Later research has made statistical comparisons of numbers of persons or of different societies; differences in child-rearing

Market ResearchTourism

Question: Discuss about the Market Research Tour and Travel. Answer: Introduction In June 2014, there were 105,700 more females than males living in Australia. This relative high number suggests that there is a wide market opportunities growing for organizing travel for women under the age group (45- 60) years and for the student as well. Seven Women is a development organization which is socially and economically empowering 5000 womens. The purpose is to develop skills in women through training of income generating skills. They are consistently working over the past 10 years to promote the interest of the women. The purpose is to develop sustainable tourism in order to promote the centre. In this manner both the centre and the tourist will have a life changing experience. Hands on Development are a Tour Company created by Found of Seven Women whose purpose is to plunge tourism in the lives of the Nepalese people. There focus is to provide a unique experience to tourist by giving them an opportunity to have a life enriching experience. These tours are empowering f or both the travelers and the localities. The tourists get an opportunity to have a firsthand experience on understanding the Nepalese culture (Hands on Development, 2017; Our Story.2017). The main purpose of the organization is to empower women and to build confidence and skills. This will prepare the women to develop employment skills. The visit is to create connection and opportunities in the area of hospitality and manufacturing. The tours are successfully running from past 5 years. The organization was initially focusing upon the students. In order to earn a sustainable growth and to promote the interest of the members it is evident to expand the business opportunities by encouraging people to participate (Baral, Baral and Morgan, 2004). The report includes the marketing strategy that needs to be focused upon in order to capture the needs and desire of interest group. The current marketing plan is focused upon Middle aged women (45- 60) and Students (18-30). The primary focus is to develop the interest of women in the activities carried by the organization in order to earn sustainable advantage (Lu and Nepal, 2009). Title The title of the study is called as (1) Middle aged women (45- 60) and (2) Students (18-30) market segmentation research report. Problem statement The problem related to the research is to find the possible ways to reach out to the target audience. The organization is finding difficulties in reaching out to the exact age group. This has been a cause of concern for the marketing term. Research objectives The overall purpose of the research is to find out new and effective ways to find out the manner to frame the marketing strategies. The marketing strategies of the organization should be target centric. By focusing upon the needs of target group the organization can attain sustainable objectives. The primary focus should be on the females in between the age group of 45-60. The program carried by the seven women is focused on empowering women. It is essential to seek attention from the females in between the age. The marketing strategies of the organization are based on adding sustainable advantage by creating more opportunities. Firstly the company needs to focus on formulation of a target oriented plan. This will help in contributing towards the goals of the seven women in attaining its objectives. It is essential to analyze the marketing tools that are essential both internally and externally. It is necessary to understand the external environment to develop the marketing objective s. Strategies should primarily be dynamic in nature in order to attain significant place. Strategies often help in adjusting with the marketing mix in order to allocate scare resources. The organization should specify its plan by focusing on the female group. They should focus on excessive promotional activity. The primary focus of the organization is to seek the attention of every individual who is interested in providing social well-fare. The primary focus should be towards the women in between the age group of 45-60 years. This will provide them with a lifetime experience. The plan of the organization is to develop systematic plans for the female who are aspiring to add a change to the life of people in need. This can be carried out through an effective promotional strategy. Hypotheses There are certain factors that need to be considered in advance in order to make market study. It is considered that the willingness to go for an adventure tours increases. It is further assumed that the women above the age of 45 are earning and working at a good position. Their willingness to spend money is increasing considering the current scenario. It is assumed that the age group above 45 years is likely to spend their income on activities and they prefer travelling in group of friends. The socio-economic status of an individual had a great influence on the decision in relation with the travelling experience. Literature Review Firstly it is necessary to create awareness among people. This can be done through the promotional activities. The primary focus is to tell them about the feature of the tour. This includes newspaper advertisement, printing pamphlets etc. focus is required to encourage women to participate for the cause. Creating awareness is necessary at an initial stage. This can be carried through awareness programmes. The volunteers need to carry out an efficient awareness campaign for women in between the age group of 45-60 years. This can be done by creating awareness among the age group. All the attached features related to the travel should be discussed openly. Online media can be used as an effective promotional tool. It is necessary in todays age of technology that the organization should use social media tools to enhance the interest of the target audience. Social media is used as an effective tool to spread the information. The tour is specifically focused on attaining a significant inter est of a particular target audience. Womens in between the age group of 45- 60 years are looking out for a tour package that helps them in getting away from the daily chores. The organization should strive for arranging a group travel. Women generally like to travel with their fellow members. In this way the organization can add more people to their team. They should add scenic places in the brochure that help in seeking attention of the tourist. There is certain market place in Nepal that can be added in the brochure. This helps in securing an efficient place against the other competitors. Hands on development primary focus are to promote a life changing travelling experience. This is only possible if their marketing policies are target oriented. However the primary object should not be ignored by the company. They should consistently focus on promoting the objective by securing the rights of underprivileged women. One should not ignore that the purpose of the tour is to improve the travelling experience by giving them a real feel for a country. The tour package gives them with an opportunity to make a difference to the life of impoverish people. It helps every traveler to understand the concept of charity through personal experience. One can feel connected, purposeful after the visit (Minnaert, Maitland and Miller, 2009). The organization is specifically targeting upon the Students (18-30). This age group generally looks for adventure and a different experience. A tour to Nepal is adventurous from the point of view of activities as provided by the country. There are various treks in Nepal that the students can go on to their tour to Nepal. The Hands on Development should specifically focus on the educational institution to seek attention of students. More focus need to be given on improving the experience of the students. This will provide them with a firsthand experience in understanding the situation of people in an undeveloped country. It is however necessary to develop the interest of the group by telling them the importance of travelling to Nepal in their life. It is moreover essential to add important sights that are important in term of tourism. This particular age group is focused on having an adventurous experience. This is however possible by adding all the sights on the brochure. Social med ia tools like Facebook, Instagram etc needs to be taken in order to add more followers to the list. These tools are important in modern age in order to spread information. The important sites like Pokhara, Chitwan National Park, and Nagrakot should be added in order to seek attention of the age group. There are certain adventurous activities that are carried in Nepal. The Hands on Development needs to add more focus on the adventurous activities (Nepal, 2008; Nepal and Chipeniuk, 2005). Moreover it is evident to make them aware about the core activity conducted by the organization at Nepal. This will help them in gaining a significant knowledge about the Nepalese culture. In this manner they can add value in the life of people. Target groups (18-30 years) Students (45-60 years ) Females The brochure of the organization need to be developed in order to seek attention of the targeted audience. The brochure need to be prepared focusing on the following points like: Focus on understanding the Different culture. An open challenge to understand a different perspective. Providing them with an opportunity to step out of the comfort zone. An opportunity to visit grass roots organizations in order to make change to the life. Experience to stay in a remote Nepalese village A deep spiritual and cultural difference by contributing on shaping women skills. Research methodology The research project is designed to address the objectives that were drawn at the Beginning of this paper. The main purpose of the tour should not be ignored while informing the target audience about the various features of the travel package (Gayle and Goodrich, 2014). The core responsibility of the seven women is to uplift the interest of the women living in the remote areas in Nepal by providing them with an important tool to earn their bread (Bhusal, 2009). This creates a sense of accomplishment within the local women. This activity is valuable for everyone associated. It provides the local women with a tool to improve their living standard and provides the tourist with an opportunity to understand the other nation and their problems (Bhattarai, Conway and Shrestha, 2005). A cross sectional approach will be undertaken in order to understand the market variables. The marketing packages need to be customized as per the requirements of the travelers. The customized plans will provide the travelers to visit the place more efficiently. This is necessary for an organization to develop the marketing objectives. The objectives need to be customer oriented. However one should not ignore the primary focus of the organization. It is evident that the organization provides experience to an individual by adding different type of activities. It is one in the life time experience (Nepal, Kohler and Banzhaf, 2002). Whereas other travelling companies focus on managing the tour, the hand development focuses on providing a different experience by managing the activities efficiently. There is a competitive advantage that rest with the organization while framing its objectives that put a primary focus on giving a better experience to the entire tourist. This tour specifically designed for women travelers from Australia. This will provide them with an insight to understand the problems faced by the women living in the undeveloped countries. Attractions as per the different target segment Every individual segment has different priorities in life. It is therefore essential to customize the travel package according to the needs of the individual. In case of Student, one should add various adventurous sights in the brochure. This will help in grabbing the attention of the particular segment. Various cultural sites at Nepal are of great importance (Shu, 2009). Students will get a chance to understand the diversified culture at these places. They will get an opportunity to understand the role played by the rural women. It will provide them with an insight to understand the hardship faced by them in day-today life (Middleton, Fyall, Morgan and Ranchhod, 2009). The organization need to add all the valuable features in order to seek more admissions. The main purpose of the travel is to provide a helpful hand to local Nepalese Women. It is therefore necessary to develop more comprehensive tour package in order to seek attention (Moutinho, 2011). In case of females in between the age group of 45-60 years it is advisable to add culturally enhanced places. This is however essential to add those place that will help in seeking more attention of this particular section. It is necessary that more spiritual and cultural equipped places like the spiritual temples, monasteries etc to be added. Every age group has different choice. The package should be developed on the basis of the choices made by the individual in the group(Jamrozy, 2007). This will be providing them with a life time experience. Strategies should primarily be dynamic in nature in order to attain significant place. Strategies often help in adjusting with the marketing mix to allocate scare resources. The organization should specify its plan by focusing on the female group. More focus need to be given on adding all the necessary activities that are feasible to be carried at Nepal (Hall, Timothy and Duval, 2012; Goeldner and Ritchie, 2012).. Data collection The data is being collected through online study where more focus is being given to various factors that help in focusing upon the tour and travel packages, All the essential information related to the tour package need to be added in the travel package. It is however essential to add the objective in advance so that one does not forget to admit the purpose for the travel. Proper health facilities need to be added in the tour packages. Statistical Analysis Techniques Used This study is based on the descriptive analysis, difference analysis, and association analysis. These tools further help in analyzing the situation and making the market research. Conclusion Hands on Development are a Tour Company created by Found of Seven Women whose purpose is to plunge tourism in the lives of the Nepalese people. The particular segment company is currently focusing upon is women in between the age group of 45-60 years. This is evident for an organization to write down the marketing objectives in advance in order to attain goals. This is only fruitful if the company focuses on building a cohesive program. It should particularly focus upon the activities that are necessary to be given more priority. The needs and desires of the age group need to be given special attention in order to attain maximum participation. The social group tours have become popular in the recent time and it is more necessary to frame efficient policies in order to develop the effective goals. It is essential to examine the marketing tools that are essential to develop the tour package. Value of Study The research made in report is used to evaluate the marketing strategies in order to attract the Middle aged women (45- 60) and Students (18-30) for a tour to Nepal. References Baral, A., Baral, S. and Morgan, N., 2004. Marketing Nepal in an uncertain climate: Confronting perceptions of risk and insecurity.Journal of Vacation Marketing,10(2), pp.186-192. Bhattarai, K., Conway, D. and Shrestha, N., 2005. Tourism, terrorism and turmoil in Nepal.Annals of Tourism Research,32(3), pp.669-688. Bhusal, N.P., 2009. Chitwan National Park: a prime destination of eco-tourism in Central Tarai Region, Nepal.The Third Pole: Journal of Geography Education,5, pp.70-75. Gayle, D.J. and Goodrich, J.N., 2014.Tourism Marketing and Management in the Caribbean (RLE Marketing). Routledge. Goeldner, C.R. and Ritchie, J.B., 2012.Tourism: principles, practices, philosophies(No. Ed. 12). John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hall, C.M., Timothy, D.J. and Duval, D.T., 2012.Safety and security in tourism: relationships, management, and marketing. Routledge. Hands on Development, 2017. Online. Available at: https://handsondevelopment.com.au/# Accessed on: 31 March 2017 Jamrozy, U., 2007. Marketing of tourism: a paradigm shift toward sustainability.International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research,1(2), pp.117-130. Lu, J. and Nepal, S.K., 2009. Sustainable tourism research: An analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,17(1), pp.5-16. Middleton, V.T., Fyall, A., Morgan, M. and Ranchhod, A., 2009.Marketing in travel and tourism. Routledge. Minnaert, L., Maitland, R. and Miller, G., 2009. Tourism and social policy: The value of social tourism.Annals of Tourism Research,36(2), pp.316-334. Moutinho, L. ed., 2011.Strategic management in tourism. Cabi. Nepal, S.K. and Chipeniuk, R., 2005. Mountain tourism: Toward a conceptual framework.Tourism Geographies,7(3), pp.313-333. Nepal, S.K., 2008. Tourism-induced rural energy consumption in the Annapurna region of Nepal.Tourism Management,29(1), pp.89-100. Nepal, S.K., Kohler, T. and Banzhaf, B.R., 2002.Great Himalaya: tourism and the dynamics of change in Nepal. Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research. Our Story.2017. Online. Available at: https://www.sevenwomen.org/ Accessed on: 31 March 2017 Shu, B., 2009.Tourism marketing. Tsinghua University Publishing Company. Beijing.

WineCoff Hotel Fire free essay sample

Would you stay in a hotel that advertises â€Å"absolutely fireproof†? The average person would say yes, most people think â€Å"It can’t get any safer than absolutely fireproof can it? † Well there was a problem December 7th 1946, when the Winecoff Hotel caught on fire. Opened in 1913 as the tallest building in Atlanta, Georgia. Built with a steel-framed structure making the owner think it was fireproof, but it wasn’t. History of the Winecoff Hotel, now known as the Ellis Hotel The steel-framed structure was built on a small lot, with about 4,386 feet per floor. Guest rooms extended from the third to the fifteenth floors, with around fifteen rooms on each floor. Corridors on guest floors were set up in an H-shape, with two elevators and upward flights of stairs opening into the cross halls, and opposing downward runs of stairs converging on a single landing from the legs of the H. We will write a custom essay sample on WineCoff Hotel Fire or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The stairway of non-combustible construction, was not enclosed with fire-resistant doors. In taller buildings multiple stairways were becoming common practices. Atlanta building code of 1911 permitted building lots of less than 5,000 square feet to have a single stairway. The steel structure of the building was protected by structural clay tile and concrete fireproofing. Interior partions of the building were made of hollow clay tile covered with plaster. Room doors were wood, with movable transom panels above each door for ventilation. The hotel room’s walls were finished with painted burlap fabric extending to the ceiling. Guest rooms were finished with as many as seven layers of wallpaper. The hotel did have a central fire alarm system, manually operated from the front desk, and a standpipe with hose racks at each floor, but there was no automatic sprinkler system. The fire’s point of origin was on the third floor west hallway, where a mattress and chair had supposly been temporarily placed in the corridor, close to the stairway to the fourth floor. One theory is that someone dropped a cigarette may have ignited the mattress or other combustibles in the corridor. The fire was first noticed around 3:15 a. m. By a bellboy who had gone to the fifth floor to help a guest, becoming trapped there. The first (and only) call to the fire department was made at 3:42 a. m. by the night manager. The manager attempted to warn guests by telephone about the fire, but the building fire alarm was not sounded. By the time the manager attempted to make phone calls to guests there was no escape possible from the upper floors in any case. The first engine and ladder companies arrived within thirty seconds of the call, by that time people were already jumping from windows. Fire department ladders could extend only part way up the building, but many guests were rescued in that manner. Ladders were placed horizontally across the alley from an adjoining building, allowing some rescues to be effective. Fire spread was hampered by the stair arrangement, while the stairs were not closed off by doors, the configuration placed ascending and descending runs around the corner from each other, keeping fire and hot gas from quickly ascending the stairs. Also, fire did not spread through the enclosed elevator shafts, laundry chutes, nor the mail chute. The fire fed on the burlap wallcoverings and ignited room doors. Doors and transoms were burned through on all but the fourteenth and fifteenth floors. Guests opened windows seeking fresh air and rescue, allowing fresh air to make the fire bigger. The fire investigation revealed that an open transom was closely associated with the ignition of a given guest room and its contents. Firefighters were hampered and in some cases injured, by falling bodies. Many guests tied bed sheets together and tried to descend. The Atlanta fire department mustered 385 firefighters, 22 engine companies and 11 ladder trucks, four of which were aerial ladder units at the Winecoff Hotel fire. A second alarm was sounded at 3:44 a. m. and a third at 3:49 a. m. with a general alarm (all available unites respond, including off duty personnel) at 4:02 a. m Mutual aid from surrounding departments brought a total of 49 pieces of equipment. Firefighters climbed adjoining buildings to fight the fire and rescue guests, including a 12-story building across the 10-foot wide alley, and a six-story building on the opposite side of the street. Of the 304 guests in the hotel, 119 died, 65 were injured, and 120 were rescued uninjured. The hotel’s originals owners lived in an apartment attached to the hotel, they also died in the fire. 32 of the deaths were among those who jumped, or fell while trying to descend ropes made of sheets tied together. Among the hotel guests were forty high school students on a state YMCA of Georgia sponsored trip to Atlanta, 30 of whom died. A national conference on fire prevention was called in 1947 at the calling of U. S. President Harry S. Truman in response to the La Salle and Winecoff fires. La Salle fire happened June 5, 1946 months earlier than the Winecoff fire. These fires highlighted the problems associated with unprotected stair openings, which provided paths for the spread of smoke and fire, preventing the use of the stairs for escape. The NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) Building Exit code of 1927 had already set forth principles requiring the use of multiple, protected means of egress, this was further revised to allow the code to be incorporated as law. The Winecoff fire led to the incorporation of research into flammability of building materials into code requirements and design standards. At this meeting, automatic fire alarm systems and automatic sprinkler systems were talked about. As seen in this paper the Winecoff Hotel was not â€Å"absolutely fireproof†, it’s sad these events have to happen so the NFPA can see the code changes we need. Events like these shouldn’t have to happen for the NFPA to see the results of what needs changed.

Water Intoxication and Hyponatremia

Water Intoxication and Hyponatremia Youve probably heard that its important to drink plenty of fluids or simply drink lots of water. There are excellent reasons for drinking water, but have you ever wondered if its possible to drink too much water. Heres what you need to know: Key Takeaways: Drinking Too Much Water It is possible to drink too much water. Overhydration leads to water intoxication and hyponatremia.The problem isnt really about the amount of water, but how ingesting too much water upsets the electrolyte balance in blood and tissues.Drinking too much water is uncommon. If you stop drinking water when you no longer feel thirst, there is no risk of water intoxication.Hyponatremia most often occurs when babies are given water instead of formula or formula that has been mixed with too much water. Can You Really Drink Too Much Water? In a word, yes. Drinking too much water can lead to a condition known as water intoxication and to a related problem resulting from the dilution of sodium in the body, hyponatremia. Water intoxication is most commonly seen in infants under six months of age and sometimes in athletes. A baby can get water intoxication as a result of drinking several bottles of water a day or from drinking infant formula that has been diluted too much. Athletes can also suffer from water intoxication. Athletes sweat heavily, losing both water and electrolytes. Water intoxication and hyponatremia result when a dehydrated person drinks too much water without the accompanying electrolytes. What Happens During Water Intoxication? When too much water enters the bodys cells, the tissues swell with the excess fluid. Your cells maintain a specific concentration gradient, so excess water outside the cells (the serum) draws sodium from within the cells out into the serum in an attempt to re-establish the necessary concentration. As more water accumulates, the serum sodium concentration drops - a condition known as hyponatremia. The other way cells try to regain the electrolyte balance is for water outside the cells to rush into the cells via osmosis. The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from higher to lower concentration is called osmosis. Although electrolytes are more concentrated inside the cells than outside, the water outside the cells is more concentrated or less diluted, since it contains fewer electrolytes. Both electrolytes and water move across the cell membrane in an effort to balance concentration. Theoretically, cells could swell to the point of bursting. From the cells point of view, water intoxication produces the same effects as would result from drowning in fresh water. Electrolyte imbalance and tissue swelling can cause an irregular heartbeat, allow fluid to enter the lungs, and may cause fluttering eyelids. Swelling puts pressure on the brain and nerves, which can cause behaviors resembling alcohol intoxication. Swelling of brain tissues can cause seizures, coma and ultimately death unless water intake is restricted and a hypertonic saline (salt) solution is administered. If treatment is given before tissue swelling causes too much cellular damage, then a complete recovery can be expected within a few days. Its Not How Much You Drink, Its How Fast You Drink It! The kidneys of a healthy adult can process 15Â  liters of water a day! You are unlikely to suffer from water intoxication, even if you drink a lot of water, as long as you drink over time as opposed to imbibing an enormous volume at one time. As a general guideline, most adults need about three quarts of fluid each day. Much of that water comes from food, so 8-12 eight-ounce glasses a day is a commonly recommended intake. You may need more water if the weather is very warm or very dry, if you are exercising, or if you are taking certain medications. The bottom line is this: its possible to drink too much water, but unless you are running a marathon or are an infant, water intoxication is a very uncommon condition. Can You Drink Too Much If Youre Thirsty? No. If you stop drinking water when you stop feeling thirsty, you are not at risk for overdosing on water or developing hyponatremia. There is a slight delay between drinking enough water and not feeling thirsty anymore, so its possible to overhydrate yourself. If this happens, youll either vomit the extra water or else need to urinate. Even though you might drink a lot of water after being out in the sun or exercising, its generally fine to drink as much water as you want. The exceptions to this would be babies and athletes. Babies should not drink diluted formula or water. Athletes can avoid water intoxication by drinking water that contains electrolytes (e.g., sports drinks).

Review on the readings below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review on the readings below - Essay Example At full capacity of its pipeline, Azerbaijan’s revenues rose to $20 billion, growing by a third every year (De Waal 171). In 1994, the government signed a $10 billion contract with nine foreign companies, which created the Azerbaijan International Operating Company (AIOC). From these contracts, Azerbaijan used oil to become a politically visible country. Until present times, Caspian energy remains a strategic tool in the political decisions and foreign affairs of the U.S. in the region. Thomas de Waal is a British journalist and a writer on the Caucasus. He is a valid source on the Caspian issues because he has written several books and articles on them. What is most interesting in the chapter is how oil has become the center of political battlefield in Azerbaijan. The familiarity with such issues is only in the Middle East, but it is clear that the South Caucasus also presented the same political-economic nexus. The chapter is relevant to the course because it shows how widespread the oil war is, both economically and politically. Chapter 7 narrates the rise of modern Georgia, its Rose Revolution and other internal and regional conflicts. The Rose Revolution of November 2003 aimed to establish a democratic society and to enhance human rights and living conditions. At the same time, it wanted to decrease corruption and improve the national economy. Corruption was most prominent in 1999, under President Eduard Shevardnadze. Dismal economic conditions lasted until 2003. The Rose Revolution was initiated by the military to generate political and economic changes. However, conflicts continued afterwards because of the failure of the new government in addressing reforms and the remaining tension between Georgia and Russia. Chapter 7 provides a good example of a government that was changed from within through military intervention and not through any other popular

Disney case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disney case study - Assignment Example Thirdly, Shanghai Disney should strive to be innovative as much as possible in order to maintain and attract new customers. This means the fairytale experience should be achieved at all times to keep consumers interested and willing to explore beyond the norm. Fast-forward to 2020, Dubai will be the best location for the next Disney park. Besides being the largest city in the Middle East, Dubai is currently enjoying sustainable growth in all fronts, particularly the tourism industry. High-net worth individuals are visiting the city in high droves who are investing highly in the region. The region boasts a host of cultures, who are widely knowledgeable of Walt Disney and its characters. For example, majority of Disney Paris visitors is from the Arabian Gulf and visit its theme parks for a number of days (Hamid, 2013). Dubai is also easily accessible in the shortest time from other countries such As the United States, London, Hongkong, making it a leading and suitable candidate for a Disney-themed park. Hamid, T (2013). Walt Disney Courts Middle East Market but no plans for UAE Theme Park. The National:Business. Retrieved 18th November from